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#Moon ๐ŸŒ™ scouts will all be #robotic, designed to build a foundation for #astronauts ๐Ÿ‘จโ€๐Ÿš€ to follow about two years later. There is need for transporting ๐Ÿš€ large masses of equipment and materials from #Earth. An #IntuitiveMachines lander is set to reach the Moon later this year. #NASAโ€™s #JPL will release a โ€œswarmโ€ of robot-explorers equipped with stereo cameras ๐Ÿ“น and charged with creating photorealistic #3D maps ๐Ÿ—บ๏ธ of the #lunar terrain https://www.forbes.com/sites/kevinholdenplatt/2024/04/27/robot-explorers-futuristic-spacex-starships-set-to-transform-the-moon/

#SpaceRobot#SpaceLogistics#Starship

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โ€ข ๐Ÿ“† 2018, #ISS became the first facility to produce #BECs โš›๏ธ in #space ๐ŸŒŒ
โ€ข In #space, so-called cool flames ๐Ÿ”ฅ can burn for minutes
โ€ข #ISS water ๐Ÿ’ฆ purification system deployed across #India ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ, #Mexico ๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฝ, #Pakistan๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ฐ
โ€ข #StemCells regenerative medicine โš•๏ธ could repair/replace failing organs and cells
โ€ข Higher quality protein crystals
โ€ข #Microbes ๐Ÿฆ  can extract metals from #regolith
โ€ข Tissue/organ-on-a-chip effects faster in #microgravity
โ€ข #3Dprinting
โ€ข Organ growth
https://interestingengineering.com/lists/13-science-breakthroughs-experiments-iss

#NASA

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๐Ÿ“† 2025 Lunar Gateway #NASA#ESA#CSA #JAXA
๐Ÿ“† 2025 Haven-1 #VastSpace
๐Ÿ“† 2026 Axiom Station #AxiomSpace
๐Ÿ“† 2026 StarMax #Gravitics
๐Ÿ“† 2026 LIFE Pathfinder #SierraSpace
๐Ÿ“† 2027 Russian Orbital Service Station #Roscosmos
๐Ÿ“† 2028 Starlab #NanoRacks#VoyagerSpace#Airbus#MDASpace#Mitsubishi
๐Ÿ“† second half 2020s Orbital Reef #BlueOrigin#SierraSpace
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_space_stations#Planned_and_proposed

#SpaceStation #launch

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#NASA#Orion #radiation protection plan ๐Ÿ—’๏ธ "astronauts will position themselves in the central part of the crew module and #create a #shelter using the stowage bags ๐Ÿ›๏ธ on board. The crew would in some cases need to stay inside for as long as 24 hours โŒ› https://www.nasa.gov/missions/artemis/orion/scientists-and-engineers-evaluate-orion-radiation-protection-plan/

#HumanSpaceflightHealth#RadiationProtection#Artemis#LunarGateway

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One of the biggest impediments to reform was @senbillnelson , the former #US senator from #Florida who represented #KennedySpaceCenter and now runs #NASAhttps://www.politico.com/news/2022/06/21/get-your-boy-elon-in-line-nasa-tell-all-recounts-turmoil-over-private-space-race-00041085

(The same guy who now wonders whether #China ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ might be faster on the #Moon ๐Ÿคฆโ€โ™‚๏ธ)

#SpacePolitics#SpaceRace

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@senbillnelson 's outsized influence on #NASA over four decades is undisputed, but some of us in the #SpaceCommunity are concerned this may not be a feature ๐Ÿ‘Ž. Senator #Nelsonโ€™s imprint on the #SpaceProgram has led to grand pronouncements based on #unrealistic industry estimates, multibillion-dollar ๐Ÿ’ฐ #cost overruns, years of schedule #delays and unmet expectations ๐Ÿ˜  https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bill-nelson-isnt-the-best-choice-for-nasa-administrator/

#SpacePolitics#PorkBarrel

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"The future of Boeingโ€™s crewed spaceflight program is muddy after #Starlinerโ€™s return" by @arstechnica / @sciguyspace - #Boeing no-showed post-landing news conference. Now questions swirl if they'll continue in #NASA Commercial Crew program. https://arstechnica.com/space/2024/09/the-future-of-boeings-crewed-spaceflight-program-is-muddy-after-starliners-return/ #StarlinerCFT

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"Navy captains donโ€™t like abandoning shipโ€”but with #Starliner, the ship left them" by @arstechnica / @StephenClark1 - Wilmore & Williams became #NASA astronauts as US Navy test pilots. They test-flew #Starliner, sent it down empty as ordered. https://arstechnica.com/space/2024/09/navy-captains-dont-like-abandoning-ship-but-with-starliner-the-ship-left-them/ #StarlinerCFT

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"Stuck-in-space astronauts reflect on being left behind and adjusting to life in orbit" by AP / Marcia Dunn - #NASA test pilot astronauts Wilmore & Williams adjusted to longer stay in space, unsettled at #Boeing #Starliner leaving without them https://apnews.com/article/stuck-astronauts-boeing-starliner-nasa-1933b64f91ba06713e57446e2dbee1c4 #StarlinerCFT

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"#NASA Nearly Bet It All on Boeingโ€™s Troubled #Starlinerโ€”Hereโ€™s Why That Changed" by @Gizmodo / @RabiePassant - #CommercialCrew contract was almost awarded solely to #Boeing, if not for #SpaceX's willingness to test crew escape system in flight https://gizmodo.com/nasa-nearly-bet-it-all-on-boeings-troubled-starliner-heres-why-that-changed-2000504311 #StarlinerCFT
Launch costs have fallen 95% ๐Ÿ“‰ (with another massive reduction expected in the coming years) thanks to reuse, improved engineering, and increased volumes.
โ€œIn economics, we assume that resources are limited; land is limited; natural resources are limited. With #space ๐ŸŒŒ, it allows us to change that.โ€ https://www.theguardian.com/science/article/2024/may/03/were-in-a-new-era-the-21st-century-space-race-takes-off

#LaunchCost#SpaceMining

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๐Ÿ“Š #ESA ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡บ and its member states forked over $4.4B ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ to develop #Ariane6. Customer launches are unlikely to pay back development costs any time soon.

#SpaceX has invested over $5B ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ in #Starship ๐Ÿš€ R&D to date. Starship has proven its expendable capability, and the company is focusing on achieving full #reusability โ™ป๏ธ.

#NASA spent a dizzying $24B ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ developing #SLS
https://payloadspace.com/rocket-development-costs-by-vehicle-payload-research

#DevelopmentCost#LaunchCost

Launch costs have fallen 95% ๐Ÿ“‰ (with another massive reduction expected in the coming years) thanks to reuse, improved engineering, and increased volumes.
โ€œIn economics, we assume that resources are limited; land is limited; natural resources are limited. With #space ๐ŸŒŒ, it allows us to change that.โ€ https://www.theguardian.com/science/article/2024/may/03/were-in-a-new-era-the-21st-century-space-race-takes-off

#LaunchCost#SpaceMining

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#NASA has contracts with four companies to gather a small amount of material from the lunar ๐ŸŒ™ surfaceโ€”as a proof of concept to show that extraction is possible.
NASA doesnโ€™t have a similar demonstration for mining โš’๏ธ #asteroids. But the space rock seekers nevertheless continue their quest for treasure. They believe Earth needs, and will pay handily for, what space ๐ŸŒŒ has to offer. https://arstechnica.com/science/2024/05/in-the-race-for-space-metals-companies-hope-to-cash-in/

#AsteroidMining#MoonMining#SpaceMining

Launch costs have fallen 95% ๐Ÿ“‰ (with another massive reduction expected in the coming years) thanks to reuse, improved engineering, and increased volumes.
โ€œIn economics, we assume that resources are limited; land is limited; natural resources are limited. With #space ๐ŸŒŒ, it allows us to change that.โ€ https://www.theguardian.com/science/article/2024/may/03/were-in-a-new-era-the-21st-century-space-race-takes-off

#LaunchCost#SpaceMining

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๐Ÿ“Š The #US ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ spent $257 billion ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ when adjusted for inflation to 2020 dollars on Project #Apollo between ๐Ÿ“† 1960 and ๐Ÿ“† 1973. The total amount spent on #NASA during this period was $482 billion ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿ’ฐ adjusted https://www.planetary.org/space-policy/cost-of-apollo

#SaturnV#LaunchCost

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When Mr Bridenstine suggested in 2019 that America could return to the Moon ๐ŸŒ™ using #SpaceXโ€™s #FalconHeavy, he provoked a row with Richard #Shelby, a senator from #Alabama who was then chairman of the Senate appropriations committee. Welcoming the #SLS in 2011, Mr Shelby said that #NASAโ€™s exploration of space, โ€œhas always been and always will be through Marshall Space Flight Centre [in #Alabama].โ€ https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2022/08/24/nasas-space-launch-system-is-yesterdays-rocket

#SpacePolitics#PorkBarrel

"Political and #aerospace interests were more than reluctant to embrace any changes which they viewed as a threat to their own hegemony."
The mainstream media doesnโ€™t cover #SpaceExploration and #SpaceScience with the same questioning ๐Ÿ” rigor that they reserve for #politics. People writing about space exploration are mostly cheerleaders ๐Ÿฅณ for the cause, rather than independent observers keeping a watchful eye on how our national monies ๐Ÿ’ฐ are spent. https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucedorminey/2022/06/23/new-book-paints-bleak-picture-of-nasas-human-spaceflight-program/

#NASA #SLS#Artemis

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๐Ÿ“† 2019 A senior #NASA official had opened the door to NASA flying its first crewed ๐Ÿ‘ฉโ€๐Ÿš€ missions to the #Moon ๐ŸŒ™ on a #FalconHeavy rocket ๐Ÿš€ built by #SpaceXhttps://arstechnica.com/science/2019/04/nasa-chief-says-a-falcon-heavy-rocket-could-fly-humans-to-the-moon/

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"Political and #aerospace interests were more than reluctant to embrace any changes which they viewed as a threat to their own hegemony."
The mainstream media doesnโ€™t cover #SpaceExploration and #SpaceScience with the same questioning ๐Ÿ” rigor that they reserve for #politics. People writing about space exploration are mostly cheerleaders ๐Ÿฅณ for the cause, rather than independent observers keeping a watchful eye on how our national monies ๐Ÿ’ฐ are spent. https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucedorminey/2022/06/23/new-book-paints-bleak-picture-of-nasas-human-spaceflight-program/

#NASA #SLS#Artemis

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@lori_garver โ€œIt got funded as a rocket to nowhere, and we at #NASA had to figure out something to do with itโ€.
The #rocket is #unsustainable by design, relying on an old and potentially quite expensive ๐Ÿ’ฐ way to get to #space ๐ŸŒŒ. Much of #SLS is a holdover from the #SpaceShuttle. https://www.technologyreview.com/2023/01/09/1065143/nasa-artemis-return-to-moon